Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a highly effective procedure used to relieve pain and restore function in severely damaged knee joints. Whether due to osteoarthritis, injury, or another joint condition, a knee replacement may help improve quality of life when other treatments no longer offer sufficient relief.
Dr Oliver Khoo, an experienced orthopaedic surgeon, performs knee replacement surgeries using evidence-based techniques and a patient-centred approach. Here’s what patients should know before and after the procedure.
What Is a Knee Replacement?
A knee replacement involves removing the damaged cartilage and bone from the surface of the knee joint and replacing it with an artificial joint made of metal, plastic, or ceramic components. There are two main types:
- Total knee replacement (TKR): Replaces the entire knee joint.
- Partial knee replacement: Replaces only the damaged portion of the joint.
Your suitability for either depends on factors like the extent of joint damage, age, activity level, and overall health.
When Is Knee Replacement Recommended?
Knee replacement is typically considered when:
- You experience severe knee pain that limits everyday activities (like walking, climbing stairs, or standing up).
- Other treatments such as physiotherapy, medications, or injections no longer help.
- Your knee is stiff, swollen, or unstable, often due to conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis.
- Sleep is disturbed by ongoing knee discomfort.
Dr Khoo will conduct a thorough assessment and discuss non-surgical and surgical options before recommending knee replacement.
What to Expect from Surgery
The procedure is usually performed under general or spinal anaesthesia and takes about 1–2 hours. Most patients stay in hospital for 1–3 days depending on their recovery progress.
Modern surgical techniques, including minimally invasive options, aim to reduce tissue trauma and support a faster recovery. Dr Khoo tailors the surgical approach to each patient’s unique anatomy and needs.
Recovery After Knee Replacement
1. Hospital Stay and Early Recovery
- Day 1–2: You’ll start moving your knee with help from physiotherapists. Walking with a frame or crutches usually begins within 24 hours.
- Pain is managed with a combination of medications and ice therapy.
- Blood thinners may be used to reduce the risk of clots.
2. Weeks 1–6: Building Strength and Mobility
- A structured home or outpatient physiotherapy program is essential.
- Most people use a walker or crutches for the first 2–3 weeks, then transition to a cane or walk unaided.
- Swelling and stiffness are normal and gradually improve.
3. Beyond 6 Weeks
- Most patients can drive and return to light activities at around 6 weeks, depending on progress.
- Improvements in strength, range of motion, and confidence typically continue for up to 12 months.
Tips for a Smooth Recovery
- Follow your rehabilitation program closely – this is crucial for regaining movement and function.
- Manage swelling with elevation, gentle movement, and icing.
- Eat a balanced diet to support healing.
- Ask questions – Dr Khoo and his team are here to support your recovery journey.
Risks and Considerations
While knee replacement is generally safe, all surgeries carry some risks, including:
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Stiffness or reduced range of motion
- Prosthetic wear or loosening over time
Dr Khoo will discuss these risks in detail during your consultation, ensuring you understand what to expect and how complications are minimised.
Long-Term Outlook
Most modern knee implants last 15–20 years or longer, especially with a healthy lifestyle and regular follow-up care. Many patients report substantial pain relief and a return to daily activities, including walking, cycling, and even low-impact sports.
When to See a Surgeon
If knee pain is limiting your mobility and lifestyle, it may be time to talk to a specialist. Dr Oliver Khoo provides individualised assessments to determine whether knee replacement – or another treatment – is appropriate for you.
